What is backdraft and why is it so dangerous?

A backdraft is a rapid, explosive burning of heated gases caused by the introduction of oxygen into an oxygen-deprived environment. This often occurs when a fire has been burning for an extended period and consumes most of the available oxygen, creating a hot, volatile atmosphere that is ready to ignite as soon as more oxygen is introduced.

Backdrafts are extremely dangerous because they can result in a sudden and violent explosion of flames, heat, and smoke, causing significant damage to property and putting firefighters and occupants at risk of injury or death. The sudden release of built-up energy and heat can generate intense pressure that can blow out windows, doors, and walls, leading to serious structural damage and potentially causing the building to collapse.

One of the key dangers of backdrafts is their unpredictable nature, as they can occur unexpectedly and without warning. Firefighters must be aware of the signs of a potential backdraft, such as smoke turning from dark to grey or yellow, and take appropriate precautions to prevent one from occurring.

Overall, backdrafts are a significant hazard in firefighting and require careful planning, training, and execution to mitigate the risk of injury and property damage.